Regional Transport Research Conference 2025
Perspectives on Conflict in Transport and Mobility
February 19-21, 2025
The Jamaica Pegasus, Kingston, Jamaica
Supported by: IRF Global and Environmental Foundation of Jamaica
Schedule
Tuesday, February 18
6:00-8:00 p.m. Cocktail Reception
Wednesday, February 19
8:30-9:00 a.m. Registration
9:00-9:30 a.m. Opening Session
***VIEW PANEL DISCUSSION RECORDING***
Facilitator:Dorraine Duncan
Panelists: Edgar Zamora, Robert Kinlocke, Brian Bernal
Discussion Prompt: The built environment influences transport operations that take place in various spaces.
Session Focus: Designing Good Streets | Building Blocks of Good Cities
The process of designing roads and streets is often portrayed as a technical discipline and the exclusive realm of engineers. With a laser focus on "objective" engineering standards, design codes, and professional manuals, we ignore the embedded values that underlie these political decisions about who deserves space within contested cities. In this panel, we discuss how road and street design can be used in service of collective visions about the city.
10:30-11:00 a.m. Morning Break
Facilitator: John McFarlane
Panelists: Oscar Derby, Judge Mitsy Beaumont-Daley, SSP Mahendra Singh
Discussion Prompt: Users of transport systems are expected to abide by certain rules for effective operations, and diverse approaches are needed to gain compliance.
- Police
- Courts/Judiciary
- Regulatory Authority
12:00-1:00 p.m. LUNCH
Facilitator: Robert Kinlocke
Panelists: Kirk Abbott, Kenute Hare, Romario Anderson
Discussion Prompt: A comprehensive understanding of transport issues can reduce instances of conflict in systems and operations.
- Data Quality Issues and Access to Information
- Best Practice Methodologies
- Building Knowledge and Capacity
- Incorporating Technology
Presenters:
- Kieron Ramlochan: What is the Problem with the Westmoorings Double-Lane Roundabout? *** [RECORDING OF PRESENTATION] ***
- Edward Miller - The Functions and Justification of an Aviation Safety Board **[PRESENTATION SLIDES]** *** [RECORDING OF PRESENTATION] ***
What is the Problem with the Westmoorings Double-Lane Roundabout?
Motorists are complaining about the double-lane roundabout installed at Westmoorings in 2023. They report several side-swipe crashes and near-collisions. Some believe the roundabout has too many legs (five in total), others think it should have had only one lane, and some suggest that the design itself is flawed. This paper will address these concerns.
However, the primary hypothesis is that the speeds—both approach and circulatory speeds—are too high. The operation of vehicular traffic at a roundabout depends on gap acceptance, where entering vehicles look for and accept gaps in circulating traffic. Low speeds facilitate this gap acceptance.
The paper will review and analyze approach and circulatory speed data, as well as the geometric layout of the roundabout. Based on the analysis, recommendations will be made, including non-geometric treatments to address the high-speed approaches.
The Functions and Justification of an Aviation Safety Board
Author: Edward Miller
ABSTRACT:
This presentation will focus on outlining the role and value of an Aviation Safety Board in ensuring safe and efficient operations. The session will begin with a brief history of how safety protocols have evolved and highlight recent developments aimed at improving safety measures.
The safety investigation process will be explained, covering the major steps involved, starting with data gathering, analysis, the development of mitigation strategies, and the process of continuous monitoring to ensure desired results are achieved.
The importance of independence in safety investigations will be discussed, emphasizing the need for unbiased results. Additionally, the concept of a "JUST culture" will be introduced, explaining how it enables the gathering of necessary data.
Strong regulations to protect safety data will also be highlighted, with a focus on the consequences of lacking these protections. The presentation will further explore the question of whether there is a need for a regional safety board or the sharing of resources between island states.
Reference will be made to specific Caribbean issues and identified points of alignment, with recommendations about our way forward based on these lessons learned by others.
3:00-3:30 p.m. Afternoon Break
Presenters:
- Edgar Zamora - A Safety Assessment Methodology for Roads near Schools **[PRESENTATION SLIDES]** *** [RECORDING OF PRESENTATION] ***
- Rachelle McFarlane - Associated Factors of Road Fatalities for Vulnerable Road Users: A Policy Intervention Guide **[PRESENTATION SLIDES]** *** [RECORDING OF PRESENTATION] ***
Associated Factors of Road Fatalities for Vulnerable Road Users: A Policy Intervention Guide
Author: Rachelle McFarlane
ABSTRACT:
Globally, vulnerable road users face disproportionate risks throughout road environments, which account for 50% of road fatalities worldwide. This alarming proportion reflects the inadequacies in road infrastructure and safety systems designed primarily for motorized vehicles, especially in low and middle income countries (LMICs).
The National Safety Council (NSC) defines vulnerable road users (VRUs) as individuals who are at greater risk of injury or death in the event of a traffic crash due to the lack of protection provided by a vehicle. This definition includes pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists, and in some countries, pillion and public transportation users.
In Jamaica, VRUs accounted for 60% of the road users killed in 2023. Road fatalities remain a major concern, with 65% of deaths occurring among individuals aged 15-59 years, and a gender disparity of 1 female: 7 males. The direct cost of road traffic crashes to Jamaica's health sector was 8% of the total budget, with the average cost per case estimated at USD $720.
This study statistically assesses the associated factors of road fatalities for VRUs using data from 2015 to 2022 from the Road Safety Unit database. The findings can guide targeted policy interventions in Jamaica. By identifying risk factors and prioritizing road infrastructure improvements for VRUs, the study aims to reduce traffic-related injuries, foster sustainable urban environments, and contribute to public health goals.
The study emphasizes the need for road infrastructure that prioritizes VRUs—pedestrian-friendly streets, protected cycling lanes, and accessible public transport—vital to creating safer and healthier communities and promoting sustainable economies in the Caribbean.
Thursday, February 20
8:30-9:00 a.m. Registration
Zoom Meeting ID: 984 8082 8525
Facilitator: Janille Smith-Colin
Panelists: Karilyn Crockett, Bephyer Parey, Mark Corbin
Discussion Prompt: The social and environmental footprint of transport can create controversial situations that are often overlooked.
- Voices on the Move: Strengthening Consumer, Commuter, and User Advocacy
- Inclusive Journeys: Ensuring Equitable Transport for Persons with Disabilities
- Breaking Barriers: Navigating Public Perception and Social Stigma in Transport
- Shared Roads, Shared Responsibility: Mitigating Transport Externalities on Communities
10:30-11:00 a.m. Morning Break
Presenters:
- Rae Furlonge - Do the Authorities Appreciate Median Traffic Safety and the Appropriate Devices for Use? *** [RECORDING OF PRESENTATION] ***
- Edgar Zamora - Determining the Star Rating for Roads Using the iRAP Methodology **[PRESENTATION SLIDES]** *** [RECORDING OF PRESENTATION] ***
Do the Authorities Appreciate Median Traffic Safety and the Appropriate Devices for Use?
Collaborating Authors: Rae Furlonge and Kieron Ramlochan, LF Systems Limited
ABSTRACT:
In Trinidad, highways are typically four-lane or six-lane divided carriageways with a speed limit of 100 km/h. The medians, or dividers, range in width from 15 meters (with a flattened V-shape and a concrete invert drain) to 600 mm concrete separators.
Median barriers are longitudinal barriers used to separate opposing directions of traffic. In Trinidad, the types of median barriers used include cable barriers, guard rails, concrete kerbs, and New Jersey barriers, each suited for different median widths. However, despite the presence of barriers, median crossovers continue to result in fatal accidents, especially when the barriers fail or are flattened.
This paper examines the various types of median barriers and their effectiveness, particularly in preventing median crossovers from becoming head-on collisions. The authorities’ increasing reliance on guard rails to replace cable barriers has been noted, but little attention has been paid to vehicle recovery in cases where errant vehicles enter or collide with the medians. The goal of this study is to explore ways to improve median safety by providing a forgiving environment for errant motorists, thereby reducing the likelihood of crashes.
Presenters:
- Jomo King: Marine Pilotage Services: Technology Prospects for Future Operations *** [RECORDING OF PRESENTATION] ***
- Kirk Abbott - eMobility in Jamaica: Where we are, where we should be **[PRESENTATION SLIDES]** *** [RECORDING OF PRESENTATION] ***
12:00-1:00 p.m. LUNCH
Presentations:
- Omar Thomas: A Pilot Study on the Impact of a Monorail System in Jamaica's Capital **[PRESENTATION SLIDES]** *** [RECORDING OF PRESENTATION] ***
- Denese Walker-McCarthy - Navigating Coastal Connections: A Strategic Outline for Safe, Efficient & Affordable Ferry Transport Systems in Jamaica *** [RECORDING OF PRESENTATION] ***
- Leighton Waterman - Development of Sustainable Public Transport Systems **[PRESENTATION SLIDES]** *** [RECORDING OF PRESENTATION] ***
- Edward Miller- General Aviation: Its Place and Value in the Aviation Ecosystem **[PRESENTATION SLIDES]** *** [RECORDING OF PRESENTATION] ***
A Pilot Study on the Impact of a Monorail System in Jamaica’s Capital
Collaborating Author: Dr. Omar Thomas, P.E., Deputy Dean – Faculty of Engineering, The University of the West Indies
Co-authors: Nathaniel Walker, Jemani Murray, Kyle McGlashan, Mark Brown (All Students – Faculty of Engineering, The University of the West Indies)
ABSTRACT:
Monorails, which are a single track rail system, have been put into place in many different countries as an inventive way to address the problems associated with urban transportation. Countries like Japan, the United States (Seattle and Las Vegas), Malaysia, and China have utilized monorails in urban transit systems, with Chongqing in China having the longest monorail system.
Jamaica, like other Caribbean countries, experiences traffic congestion in its capital city, Kingston, especially during peak hours. This pilot study examines the impact of introducing a monorail system to ease commuter congestion by providing faster travel times and an alternative route to the current road network in Kingston Metropolitan Area (KMA).
The study involved 73 participants, predominantly tertiary students, and surveyed current transportation habits in the KMA. The results indicated that most people would consider using a monorail if travel time could be reduced by 40%. The study proposes six main terminal points (Papine, Half Way Tree, Cross Roads, Downtown, Manor Park/Constant Spring, and Portmore) for the monorail system.
The monorail system would serve as an express service, complementing the existing transport system by offering faster routes between key locations. Recommendations for the system include providing parking at terminal points for park-and-ride users. The study used a gravity model to forecast daily ridership, estimating that over 500,000 commuters could use the system daily.
While the study has limitations, including outdated census data and a sample primarily of students, the results show strong public support for the introduction of a monorail system in the KMA.
Navigating Coastal Connections: A Strategic Outline for Safe, Efficient & Affordable Ferry Transport Systems in Jamaica
Author: Denese Walker-McCarthy
ABSTRACT:
Managing traffic congestion is a key element of Jamaica’s Vision 2030 Transport Sector Plan. However, there is concern that even with proposed road rehabilitation and expansions, traffic congestion will intensify due to Braess' paradox. In 2022, the continued rise in motor vehicle imports (26% increase) highlights the need for alternate systems to alleviate road congestion and reduce productivity loss.
With over 80% of Jamaica's population living within 5 kilometers of the coast, a regulated public ferry transportation system is proposed as a viable alternative. The ferry system would not only ease road congestion but also reduce environmental impact and improve connectivity between coastal towns.
This research examines Jamaica's historical and infrastructural context for ferry transport, emphasizing the need to link northern coastal towns and provide park-and-ride services along the southeastern corridor. It advocates for a strategic framework for ferry services and policy changes to support this initiative.
The paper draws on historical examples, such as the 17th-century ferry service between St. Andrew and St. Catherine, and modern projects like the Port Royal pier restoration. Despite previous proposals, ferry systems have not been implemented. However, the preliminary results show strong public demand, viability using existing piers, and significant socio-economic and environmental benefits.
The study identifies the need for a robust regulatory framework to ensure safety and sustainability. Recommendations include conducting a feasibility study to determine high-demand routes, developing regulations, and fostering public-private partnerships to establish a successful ferry system.
General Aviation: Its Place and Value in the Aviation Ecosystem
Author: Edward Miller
ABSTRACT:
This presentation will explore the value, place, and importance of general aviation within the aviation ecosystem. It will provide a solid overview of how general aviation contributes to the growth and development of all segments of civilian aviation.
A key focus will be on general aviation’s role in facilitating Pan-Caribbean enterprises, improving operational efficiencies, and serving as the foundation from which all civilian aviation develops.
The session will begin by defining general aviation under both Jamaican and international regulations. It will also introduce the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), explaining its role in regulating aviation at a global level.
The presentation will then provide an overview of the three main sectors of general aviation, followed by examples of key segments within general aviation operations. A deeper dive into the training sector will highlight projected international and regional demand, emphasizing opportunities for local and international markets.
The discussion will conclude with an examination of corporate aviation, addressing the value of aircraft owners and their businesses. Additionally, it will tackle public perceptions surrounding private aircraft use and concerns regarding their environmental impact.
Presentations:
- Leah Wright / Leighton Ellis - Navigating the Climate Crisis in the Caribbean: A Case Study of Travel Behaviour in Trinidad **[PRESENTATION SLIDES]** ***[RECORDING OF PRESENTATION]***
- Neil Parkes - An Assessment of the Jamaica Urban Transit Company’s Provisions for Persons with Disabilities in the Papine University District **[PRESENTATION SLIDES]** ***[RECORDING OF PRESENTATION]***
- Mark Constable - Jamaica Urban Solutions for the Environment (JUSE) – Enhancing Climate Resilience in Urban Communities, Including Marginalized and Vulnerable Populations Across Jamaica ***[RECORDING OF PRESENTATION]***
- Nicole Dawkins-Wright - A Health Perspective for Research on Transport and Mobility ***[RECORDING OF PRESENTATION]***
Navigating the Climate Crisis in the Caribbean: A Case Study of Travel Behaviour in Trinidad
Authors: Leah Wright, Dr. Leighton Ellis
ABSTRACT:
The Caribbean is renowned for its pristine beaches and rich cultural heritage, attracting millions of visitors each year. However, the region is increasingly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, threatening the very factors that make it a global tourism hotspot.
While climate discussions often focus on the blue and green economies, transportation—beyond just alternative fuels—is frequently overlooked. This study shifts the conversation, emphasizing the importance of understanding **travel behaviour** in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, particularly in the Caribbean’s climate-sensitive context.
By examining **the travel patterns of Trinidadians**, this research provides insights that can inform policy decisions aimed at effectively mitigating climate change. The study further explores how an improved **transportation system framework**, integrated with disaster management strategies, can help policymakers **address and minimize climate challenges** in the region.
Ultimately, this research serves as a foundation for transforming the Caribbean into a **climate-conscious, sustainable, and resilient** model for the future.
An Assessment of the Jamaica Urban Transit Company’s Provisions for Persons with Disabilities in the Papine University District
Author: Neil Parkes
ABSTRACT:
This research assesses the Jamaica Urban Transit Company’s provisions for persons with disabilities in the Papine University District, examining how they align with the 2006 United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and Jamaica’s Disabilities Act of 2014.
Objectives include evaluating the extent to which the JUTC’s service meets international standards, investigating the efficacy of services on Route 102, analyzing the social equity impact, and proposing improvements to better serve persons with disabilities in the area.
The Papine University District was chosen due to its high concentration of services for persons with disabilities, including educational institutions and the Sir John Golding Rehabilitation Centre. The study area also includes Cheshire Village, a unique housing development for persons with disabilities.
The research investigates the effectiveness of JUTC's accessibility features, such as wheelchair ramps and priority seating, and looks at operational aspects like route coverage and bus availability. It also examines alternative transportation options for persons with disabilities.
A mixed-method approach was used, involving interviews, surveys, and secondary data from institutions like the Statistical Institute of Jamaica and the Ministry of Education and Youth. Findings reveal significant gaps in service, including poor maintenance, insufficient bus availability, and unreliable schedules.
The study concludes that JUTC’s services fall short of international standards and recommends improvements in fleet capacity, maintenance, staff training, and regulatory enforcement to ensure a more inclusive and accessible transportation system.
Presentations:
- Kenute Hare - Institutional Strengthening of Road and Vehicular Safety Institutions: The Missing Road Safety Link **[PRESENTATION SLIDES]** ***[RECORDING OF PRESENTATION]***
- Fitzroy Williams - Efficiency and Productivity in Urban Mobility Systems **[PRESENTATION SLIDES]** **[RECORDING OF PRESENTATION]**
- Oscar Derby - Aviation Development for Economic Growth: A Review of Caribbean Activities ***[RECORDING OF PRESENTATION]***
Presentations:
- Robert Kinlocke: Gaps in Transport Research in the Region: the Plight of Walkability in Jamaica ***[RECORDING OF PRESENTATION]***
- Edgar Zamora: Assessing the Quality of Cycle Infrastructure with CycleRAP ***[RECORDING OF PRESENTATION]***
Friday, February 21
8:30-9:00 a.m. Registration
Facilitator: Carey Wallace
Panelists: Oscar Derby, Andrea Dempster Chung, Noel Williams
Discussion Prompt: Travel cannot take place without use of the transport system, but meeting the needs of related industries can be a source of conflict.
- Hotel and Tour Operations
- Visitor Attractions
- Aviation Industry
10:15-10:45 a.m. Morning Break
Facilitator: Douglas Orane
Panelists: Dunstan Bryan, Mark Barnett, David Barrett
Discussion Prompt: Transport impacts on, and is impacted by various sectors in a co-dependent relationship, and priorities are not always aligned to the same goal.
- Energy
- Health
- Public Utilities
12:00-12:30 p.m. Closing Session
12:30-1:30 p.m. LUNCH
1:30-5:00 p.m. Optional Cultural Tour/Site Visits - Registration required